Vol. 24 Núm. 3 (2018): Otoño 2018
Artículos de Actualidad

Complejidad y transdisciplina: epistemologías para la sostenibilidad

Indra Morandín Ahuerma
Instituto de Ecología A.C.
Armando Contreras Hernández
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
Biografía
Dante Ariel Ayala Ortiz
Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo
Biografía
Octavio Pérez Maqueo
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
Biografía

Publicado 2018-12-11

Palabras clave

  • buen vivir,
  • calidad de vida,
  • complejidad,
  • desarrollo sustentable,
  • sustentabilidad,
  • transdisciplinariedad
  • ...Más
    Menos
  • buen vivir,
  • calidad de vida,
  • complejidad,
  • desarrollo sustentable,
  • sustentabilidad,
  • transdisciplinariedad
  • ...Más
    Menos

Métrica

Resumen

Este trabajo constituye una revisión teórica de aportes de diversas áreas del conocimiento a lo largo del último siglo hasta la fecha, entre otros: ciencias naturales, ciencias sociales, filosofía, crítica económica y política internacional, para evidenciar coincidencias entre personas que intentan resolver los problemas socio-ambientales que afligen a la humanidad, estrechamente relacionados con la calidad de vida y el bienestar. El documento analiza el debate académico del concepto de sostenibilidad, que se explica como la forma en que cada grupo social construyó un sistema cultural en torno a la relación con la naturaleza; y argumenta a favor de reconocer que la vida humana, la sociedad y, por lo tanto, su economía como un subsistema humano, son completamente dependientes del mantenimiento de ciclos y equilibrios en el planeta Tierra. Los sistemas sociales humanos se ajustan al perfil de un sistema vivo, un sistema autopoiético, un acoplamiento estructural y funcional de unidades autopoiéticas, dinámicas e inestables, que se dirigen a un futuro impredecible. Se ofrecen consideraciones desde la complejidad y la transdisciplinariedad para superar contradicciones aparentes en dogmas fundamentales y epistemológicos. El diálogo de saberes brinda nuevas cualidades y la posibilidad de incluir otras áreas de la cultura, como el arte, la religión, la política, la economía y los negocios. Busca armonizar los criterios de transformación cultural necesarios para enfrentar la crisis mundial que el ser humano enfrenta actualmente. Concluimos que la dinámica del conocimiento humano ofrece oportunidades para superar las limitaciones actuales que enfrentamos al diseñar e implementar una nueva visión del sistema socio-ecológico sostenible a través del espacio y el tiempo, dentro del soporte vital de la Tierra y con la cultura como interfaz entre ecosistemas y seres humanos.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

  1. Altmann, P. (2016). Buen Vivir como propuesta política integral: Dimensiones del Sumak Kawsay. Mundos Plurales. Revista Latinoamericana de Políticas y Acción Pública, 3(1), 55–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17141/mundosplurales.1.2016.2318
  2. Anand, S., & Sen, A. (2000). Human Development and Economic Sustainability. World Development, 28(12), 2029–2049. doi: 10.1016/S0305-750X(00)00071-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(00)00071-1
  3. Bertalanffy, L. Von. (1969). General System Theory: Foundations, Development Applications (Second pri). New York, USA: George Braziller, Inc.
  4. Boff, L., & Berryman, P. (1977). Cry of the Earth, Cry of the Poor. New York, USA: Orbis Books.
  5. Capra, F. (1996). The web of life. New York, USA: Anchor Books.
  6. Caudillo-Félix, G. A. (2012). Reflexiones sobre el buen vivir o vivir bien (Suma Qamaña, Sumak Kawsay, Balu Wala). Temas de Nuestra América, Extraordin, 187–198.
  7. Coman, A., & Ronen, B. (2009). Focused SWOT: diagnosing critical strengths and weaknesses. International Journal of Production Research, 47(20), 5677–5689. doi: 10.1080/00207540802146130 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00207540802146130
  8. Cortina, A. (2012). Ética mínima: Introducción a la filosofía práctica. Madrid, España: Tecnos Editorial.
  9. Costanza, R., Cumberland, J., Daly, H., Goodland, R., & Norgaard, R. (1997). An introduction to Ecological economics. U.S.A.: CRC Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003040842
  10. Costanza, R., Fisher, B., Ali, S., Beer, C., Bond, L., Boumans, R., … Snapp, R. (2007). Quality of life: An approach integrating opportunities, human needs, and subjective well-being. Ecological Economics, 61(2–3), 267–276. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.02.023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.02.023
  11. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014). Applications of Flow in Human Development and Education. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer Netherlands. doi: 10.1007/978-94-017-9094-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9094-9
  12. Daly, H. E., & Farley, J. (2010). Ecological economics, principles and applications (Second). Washington, DC: Island Press.
  13. Dussel, E. (2013). Ethics of liberation: in the age of globalization and exclusion. (A. A. Vallega, Ed.). Durham, USA; London, UK: Duke University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1131d8k
  14. Endara, G., Castillo, A., Larrea, C., Unceta, K., Acosta, A., Peters, S., …, & Vega, S. (2014). Post-crecimiento y buen vivir. Propuestas globales para la construcción de sociedades equitativas y sustentables. Quito, Ecuador: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Ecuador. Retrieved from http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/quito/11348.pdf
  15. Escobar, A. (1996). Construction nature, Elements for a post-structuralist political ecology. Futures, 28(4), 325–343. doi: 10.1016/0016-3287(96)00011-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-3287(96)00011-0
  16. Escobar, A. (2007). La invención del Tercer Mundo, construcción y deconstrucción del desarrollo. Caracas: Fundación Editorial el perro y la rana.
  17. Fath, B. D. (2017). Systems ecology, energy networks, and a path to sustainability. International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics, 12(1), 1–15. doi: 10.2495/DNE-V12-N1-1-15 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2495/DNE-V12-N1-1-15
  18. Folke, C. (2006). Resilience: The emergence of a perspective for social-ecological systems analyses. Global Environmental Change, 16(3), 253–267. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.04.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.04.002
  19. Garcia, R. (2006). Sistemas complejos. Conceptos, métodos y fundamentación epistémica de la investigación interdisciplinaria. Barcelona, España: Gedisa.
  20. Georgescu-Roegen, N. (1971). The entropy law and the economic process. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674281653
  21. Giddings, B., Hopwood, B., & Brien, G. O. (2002). Environment, economy and society: Fitting them together into sustainable development. Sustainable Development, 196, 187–196. doi: 10.1002/sd.199 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.199
  22. Gudynas, E. (2011). Buen Vivir: Today’s tomorrow. Development, 54(S4), 441–447. doi: 10.1057/dev.2011.86 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/dev.2011.86
  23. Gunderson, L. H., & Holling, C. (2002). Panarchy : understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Island Press.
  24. Heyd, T. (2005). Sustainability, Culture and Ethics: Models from Latin America. Ethics Place and Environment, 8(2), 223–234. doi: 10.1080/13668790500237385 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13668790500237385
  25. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC]. (2014). Summary for policymakers. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (M. D. M. Field, C.B., V.R. Barros, D.J. Dokken, K.J. Mach, S. M. T.E. Bilir, M. Chatterjee, K.L. Ebi, Y.O. Estrada, R.C. Genova, B. Girma, E.S. Kissel, A.N. Levy, & and L. L. W. P.R. Mastrandrea, Eds.). Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg2/ar5_wgII_spm_en.pdf
  26. Leah, T., Bene, D. del, & Martinez-Alier, J. (2015). Mapping the frontiers and frontlines of global e nvironmental justice: the EJAtlas. Journal of Political Ecology, 22(266642), 255–278. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2458/v22i1.21108
  27. Leff, E. (2012). Latin american environmental thinking, a heritage of knowledge for sustainability. South American Environmental Philosophy. Environmental Ethics, 34(4), 431–450. doi: 10.5840/enviroethics201234442 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics201234442
  28. Lélé, S. (1991). Sustainable Development: A Critical Review. World Development, 19(6), 607–621. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(91)90197-P
  29. Leopold, A. (1949). The land ethic. In A Sand County Almanac and Sketches Here and There (p. 240). U.S.A.: Oxford University Press.
  30. Loverlock, J. (2000). Gaia: A New Look at Life on Earth. U.S.A.: Oxford University Press.
  31. Margulis, L. (1998). Symbiotic planet, a new look at evolution. Basic books.
  32. Marten, G. G. (2001). Human Ecology, basic concepts for sustainable development. Earthscan Publications.
  33. Martinez-Alier, J. (2002). The environmentalism of the poor: a study of ecological conflicts and valuation. Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, USA: Edward Elgar Pub. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781843765486
  34. Martinez-Alier, J., Del Bene, D., & Çetinkaya, Y. (2015). Environmental Justice Atlas. Retrieved March 28, 2017, from http://ejatlas.org/
  35. Martinez-Alier, J., & Schlupmann, K. (1993). Ecological economics: energy, environment and society. New York, USA: Blackwell Publishers.
  36. Maturana, H. R., & Varela, F. G. (1992). The tree of knowledge: The biological roots of human understanding. Boston, Massachusetts: Shambhala Publications, Inc.
  37. Max-Neef, M. (1991). Human scale development: conception, application and further reflections. New York and London: The Apex Press.
  38. Max-Neef, M. (2005). Foundations of transdisciplinarity. Ecological Economics, 53, 5–16. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.01.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.01.014
  39. Max-Neef, M. (2010). The world on a collision course and the need for a new economy. Ambio, 39(3), 200–210. doi: 10.1007/s13280-010-0028-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-010-0028-1
  40. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment [MEA]. (2005). Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Washington, DC: Island Press. Retrieved from http://www.millenniumassessment.org/documents/document.356.aspx.pdf
  41. Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D., Randers, F., & Behrens III, W. W. (1972). Limits to growth. the club of rome’s proyect on the predicament of mankind. New York, USA: Universe Books. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1349/ddlp.1
  42. Mitcham, C. (1995). The concept of sustainable development: its origins and ambivalence. Technology in Society, 17(3), 311–326. doi: 10.1016/0160-791X(95)00008-F DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-791X(95)00008-F
  43. Monni, S., Pallottino, M., & Pallotino, M. (2013). Beyond Growth and Development: Buen Vivir as an Alternative to Current Paradigms. Department of Economics - University Roma Tre, Departmental Working Papers of Economics - University “Roma Tre”: 0172, 2013, 29 Pp., 1(3), 29. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1322239792?accountid=13042%5Cnhttp://oxfordsfx.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/oxford?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=preprint&sid=ProQ:ProQ:econlitshell&atitle=Beyond+growth+and+development:+
  44. Morandín, I., Contreras, A., Ortíz Ayala, D. A., & Pérez Maqueo, O. (2015). La sustentabilidad, evolución cultural y ética para la vida. Argumentos, 79(Septiembre-diciembre), 169–188.
  45. Morin, E. (2002). The epistemology of complexity. In D. Fried Schinitman & J. Schnitman (Eds.), New Paradigms Culture and Subjectivity (Advances i, p. 378). U.S.A.: Hampton Press, Inc.
  46. Morin, E. (2005). Restricted Complexity, General Complexity. In C. Gershenson, D. Aerts, & B. Edmonds (Eds.), Worldviews, science and us: philosophy and complexity. University of Liverpool, UK. 11-14 September (pp. 5–29). London, UK: World Scientific Publishing Co. doi: 10.1142/9789812707420_0002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812707420_0002
  47. Naredo, J. M. (1996). La economía en evolución. Historia y perspectivas de las categorías básicas del pensamiento económico (2nd ed.). Madrid, España: Siglo XXI.
  48. Nicolescu, B. (2008). Transdisciplinarity: Theory and Practice. U.S.A.: Hampton Press, Inc.
  49. Nicolescu, B. (2014). Methodology of Transdisciplinarity. World Futures, 70(3), 186. doi: 10.1080/02604027.2014.934631 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02604027.2014.934631
  50. Nietzsche, F. (1918). The Antichrist. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, INC.
  51. Nordhaus, W. D. (1994). Managing the commons: The economics of climate change. The MIT press.
  52. Odum, H. T. (1988). Self-Organization, Transformity and Information. Science, 242(4882), 1132–1139. doi: 10.1126/science.242.4882.1132 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.242.4882.1132
  53. OXFAM. (2017). an Economy for the 1%. Oxford, UK: Oxfam Briefing Paper. Retrieved from https://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/file_attachments/bp-economy-for-99-percent-160117-en.pdf
  54. Pesci, R. O., Pérez, J. H., & Pesci, L. (2007). Proyectar la sustentabilidad. Enfoque y metodología de FLACAM para proyectos. La Plata, Argentina: UNESCO, Editorial CEPA. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/Ulis/cgi-bin/ulis.pl?catno=163033&set=005482E26F_0_405&gp=&lin=1&ll=
  55. Piketty, T. (2014). Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674369542
  56. Pope Francis. (2015). Laudato Si’ On care for our common home. Vatican Press. Retrieved from http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/encyclicals/documents/papa-francesco_20150524_enciclica-laudato-si.html
  57. Porto-Golnçalves, C. W., & Leff, E. (2015). Political Ecology in Latin America : the Social Re-Appropriation of Nature , the Reinvention of Territories and the Construction of an Environmental Rationality. Desenvolvimiento e Meio Ambiente, 35(December 2015), 65–88. doi: 10.5380/dma.v35i0.43543 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5380/dma.v35i0.43543
  58. Prigogine, I., & Stengers, I. (1997). The end of certainty; time, chaos and the new laws of nature. Firts free press.
  59. Puleo, A. H. (2008). Libertad, igualdad, sostenibilidad. Por un ecofeminismo ilustrado. Isegoría, 38, 39–59. doi: 10.3989/isegoria.2008.i38.402 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/isegoria.2008.i38.402
  60. Robinson, J. (2004). Squaring the circle? Some thoughts on the idea of sustainable development. Ecological Economics, 48(4), 369–384. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2003.10.017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2003.10.017
  61. Rockström, J., Steffen, W., Noone, K., Persson, Å., Chapin, F. S., Lambin, E., … Foley, J. (2009). Planetary boundaries: Exploring the safe operating space for humanity. Ecology and Society, 14(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-03180-140232
  62. Santos, B. de S. (2014). Epistemologies of the south: justice against epistemicide. New York, USA: Routledge.
  63. Sauvé, L. (1999). Environmental education between modernity and postmodernity : searching for an integrating educational framework. Canadian Journal of Environmental Education, 4(1), 9–35. Retrieved from https://cjee.lakeheadu.ca/article/view/317
  64. Schumacher, E. F. (1973). Small Is Beautiful: Economics as if People Mattered. London, UK: Blond and Briggs.
  65. Seligman, M. (2007). Coaching and Positive Psychology. Australian Psychologist, 42(4), 266–267. doi: 10.1080/00050060701648233 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00050060701648233
  66. Sen, A. (1993). Capability and well being. In M. Nussbaum & A. Sen (Eds.), The quality of life (pp. 30–53). New York, USA: Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/0198287976.003.0003
  67. Shanin, T. (1972). Peasants and Peasants Societies (Modern Sociological Readings). Penguin Books.
  68. Shiva, V. (1988). Staying Alive: Women, Ecology and Survival in India. New Delhi, India; London, UK: Indraprastha Press.
  69. Steffen, W., Grinevald, J., Crutzen, P., & McNeill, J. (2011). The Anthropocene: conceptual and historical perspectives. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 369(1938), 842–867. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0327 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0327
  70. Steffen, W., Richardson, K., Rockström, J., Cornell, E., Fetzer, I., Bennett, E. M., … Linn, M. (2015). Article: Planetary Boundaries: Guiding Human Development on a Changing Planet. Journal of Education for Sustainable Development, 9(2), 235–235. doi: 10.1177/0973408215600602a DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0973408215600602a
  71. Stern, N. (2007). Stern Review : The Economics of Climate Change. Cambridge, UK; New York, USA: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from http://www.webcitation.org/5nCeyEYJr?url=http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/sternreview_index.htm DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511817434
  72. Stiglitz, J. E., Sen, A., & Fiutoussi, J.-P. (2009). Report by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress. Retrieved from doi: 10.1080/07474938.2012.690641 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07474938.2012.690641
  73. The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity [TEEB]. (2010). Mainstreaming the Economics of Nature: A Synthesis of the Approach, Conclusions and Recommendations of TEEB. The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Retrieved from http://www.teebweb.org/our-publications/teeb-study-reports/synthesis-report/#.Ujr2cX9mOG8
  74. Thompson, W. I., Loverlock, J., Bateson, G., Atlan, H., Margulis, L., Maturana, H., … Todd, J. (1987). Gaia: a way of knowing - political implications of the new biology. New York, USA: Lindisfarne Press.
  75. United Nations Development Programme [UNDP]. (2006). Human Development Report 2006, Beyond scarcity: Power, poverty and the global water crisis. New York, USA: United Nations Development Programme. Retrieved from http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-report-2006
  76. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization- World Water Assessment Programme [UNESCO-WWAP]. (2009). The United Nations World Water Development Report 3: Water in a Changing World. Paris, France; London, UK: The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001819/181993e.pdf
  77. United Nations [UN]. (1972). Report of the United Nations conference on the human envieroment A/CONF.48/14/Rev.1. Stockholm. Retrieved from http://www.un-documents.net/aconf48-14r1.pdf
  78. United Nations [UN]. (1987). Our Common Future- Brundtland Report. Oxford Paperbacks. doi: 10.2307/633499 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/633499
  79. United Nations [UN]. (1992). Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, A/CONF.151/26. Rio de Janeiro. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/documents/ga/conf151/aconf15126-1annex1.htm
  80. United Nations [UN]. (1997). Programme for the Further Implementation of Agenda 21, A/RES/S-19/2. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/S-19/2&Lang=E
  81. United Nations [UN]. (2002). Report of the World Summit on Sustainable Development A/CONF.199/20. Johannesburg, Sourth Africa. Retrieved from http://www.un-documents.net/aconf199-20.pdf
  82. United Nations [UN]. (2012). The future we want, A/66/L.56. Retrieved from http://undocs.org/en/A/66/L.56
  83. United Nations [UN]. (2013). Harmony with Nature, Report of the Secretary-General A /68/325 (Vol. 42908).
  84. United Nations [UN]. (2014). Harmony with Nature A/RES/68/216. A/RES/68/216. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/ga/search/viewm_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/68/216
  85. United Nations [UN]. (2015). Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, A/RES/70/1. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/generalassembly/docs/globalcompact/A_RES_70_1_E.pdf
  86. Vakis, R., Rigolini, J., & Lucchetti, L. (2016). Left Behind: Chronic Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington, DC: The World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0660-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0660-5
  87. Vanhulst, J., & Beling, A. E. (2014). Buen vivir: Emergent discourse within or beyond sustainable development? Ecological Economics, 101, 54–63. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.02.017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.02.017
  88. Varela, F. G., Maturana, H. R., & Uribe, R. (1974). Autopoiesis: The organization of living systems, its characterization and a model. Biosystems, 5(4), 187–196. doi: 10.1016/0303-2647(74)90031-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0303-2647(74)90031-8
  89. Vernadsky, V. I. (1998). The Biosphere (A peter N.). NewYork, USA: Copernicus, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1750-3