Producción neta del ecosistema durante la sucesión ecológica secundaria: lecciones desde el bosque tropical seco
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21829/myb.2023.2912368Palabras clave:
covarianza de vórtices y flujos, evapotranspiración, intercambio neto de carbono, productividad bruta del ecosistema, respiración del ecosistemaResumen
Los ecosistemas continuamente intercambian carbono y vapor de agua con la atmósfera a través de procesos ecosistémicos. En general, la producción neta del ecosistema refleja el balance entre los flujos de entrada de carbono por productividad y la liberación por la respiración ecosistémica. Evaluar esta producción a lo largo de los cambios producidos por la sucesión ecológica secundaria representa un desafío muy grande. En este contexto, la técnica de covarianza de vórtices está siendo ampliamente utilizada para cuantificar flujos ecosistémicos de manera continua. En el bosque tropical seco se han establecido varios sitios de monitoreo utilizando esta técnica para conocer la funcionalidad del ecosistema durante la sucesión ecológica. Esta información puede contribuir a la toma de decisiones en términos de conservación y administración de servicios ecosistémicos, así como para alimentar modelos para predecir la respuesta de este ecosistema estacional seco al cambio climático. Los ecosistemas tropicales secos son de gran relevancia para el ciclo del carbono debido a su considerable extensión y productividad. El reto de estudiar estos ecosistemas radica en que su dinámica de producción de carbono está acoplada principalmente a la disponibilidad estacional de agua. De manera que, el objetivo de este trabajo fue actualizar la información de las interacciones biosfera-atmósfera utilizando la técnica de covarianza de vórtices particularmente en bosques tropicales secos, con el fin de resaltar el efecto de la sucesión ecológica en la dinámica del carbono en estos bosques. Asimismo, se muestra y resalta la importancia local y global de este tipo de sistemas de monitoreo funcional de ecosistemas en México.
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