Drought stress in provenances of Lupinus elegans from different altitudes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21829/myb.2015.211431Palabras clave:
gradiente altitudinal, cambio climático, Fabaceae, bosque de pino, restauraciónResumen
The response of plants to altitudinal gradients depends on several factors and might differ among life strategies. Understanding these responses is highly relevant for management of forest species, particularly under climate change scenarios. We explored the response to drought of different provenances of Lupinus elegans, obtained from an altitudinal gradient. This species is a shrub that acts as a nurse plant in temperate forests in its geographical range. Seeds were collected from five natural provenances across an altitudinal gradient (2312 m to 2885 m a.s.l.). A common-garden experiment was conducted with four drought treatments (irrigation at every 3, 7, 15 and 21 days) in a shade-house located at 1972 m a.s.l. All provenances presented reduced heights and numbers of leaves with increased drought intensity, regardless of site of origin. Survival among provenances presented an altitudinal pattern, where those belonging to higher sites exhibited greater survival. Provenances from lower altitudes, coming from drier and warmer sites, exhibited poorer survival against drought stress. Overall, our results indicate that there are differences among provenances, but since this species is a short lived perennial (five years on average), it is more sensitive to microclimate than to conditions determined for large scale patterns such as altitudinal gradients. This should be considered for management practices such as ecological restoration.
Estrés por sequía en Lupinus elegans procedentes de diferentes altitudes
La respuesta de las plantas a los gradientes altitudinales depende de varios factores y puede variar entre estrategias de vida. Entender esta respuesta es relevante para el manejo de especies forestales, en particular ante los efectos esperados del cambio climático. En este trabajo se exploró la respuesta a la sequía de diferentes procedencias de Lupinus elegans, obtenidas de un gradiente altitudinal. Esta especie es un arbusto que actúa como planta nodriza en bosques templados a lo largo de su área de distribución geográfica. Se colectaron semillas de cinco procedencias a los largo de un gradiente altitudinal (2312 m a 2885 m snm). Se llevó a cabo un experimento de jardín común con cuatro tratamientos de sequía (riego cada 3, 7, 15 y 21 días) en una casa de sombra localizada a 1972 m snm. Las plantas de todas las procedencias mostraron un menor tamaño y número de hojas conforme aumentó el grado de sequía, independientemente de la procedencia. La supervivencia entre las procedencias mostró una relación con el gradiente altitudinal de origen, pues aquellas procedentes de sitios a mayor altitud mostraron mayor supervivencia. Las procedencias de altitudes menores, que en principio son de lugares más secos y cálidos, mostraron baja supervivencia en respuesta a la sequía. Los resultados indican que hay una diferenciación entre procedencias, pero que siendo esta especie perenne de vida corta (5 años), es más sensible a las condiciones microclimáticas que a las condiciones determinadas por patrones a escalas mayores como son los gradientes altitudinales. Esto debe de ser considerado para prácticas de manejo como la restauración ecológica.
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