Bioindicadores de suelo asociados a diferentes regímenes de gestión de plantaciones de Cedrela odorata
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21829/myb.2021.2711912Palabras clave:
acetilesterasa, cedro, bosque, limón persa, fosfatasa, metabolismo del sueloResumen
Un buen bioindicador de la salud del suelo es aquel que percibe cambios menores, debidos a modificaciones en el manejo del suelo, y conduce a cambios en los procesos del ecosistema suelo. El objetivo fue evaluar el uso de bioindicadores de suelo en la determinación de la utilidad de dos sistemas diferentes de manejo forestal de Cedrela odorata. El mantillo y el suelo se recolectaron de la rizosfera de un monocultivo (sin fertilización ni irrigación) y un cocultivo (con fertilización e irrigación) con Citrus latifolia. Los bioindicadores de suelo y mantillo medidos fueron: las actividades acetilesterasa (FDA), fosfatasa ácida (AcPh), fosfatasa alcalina (AlkPh) y lacasa. También se estimó la tasa neta potencial de mineralización de carbono (PNRCM). Los resultados indican que las actividades enzimáticas del suelo (FDA y fosfatasas) en el mantillo fueron sensibles a los diferentes sistemas de manejo. La actividad enzimática, por unidad de peso seco, fue mayor en los cocultivos (FDA = 1.05 nkat g-1; AcPh = 1.33 nkat g-1; AlkPh = 3 nkat g-1) que en los monocultivos (FDA = 0.617 nkat g-1; AcPh = 0.40 nkat g-1; AlkPh = 0. 983 nkat g-1). Se encontraron diferencias en la cantidad de nitrógeno total, el contenido de materia orgánica (MO) y los micronutrientes. En general, los cultivos (con fertilización e irrigación) con C. latifolia mostraron los mejores resultados.
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