Durabilidad natural y estabilidad dimensional de mora blanca (Morus alba L.) para laúdes del Medio Oriente
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21829/myb.2017.2321447Palabras clave:
estabilidad dimensional, instrumentos musicales, durabilidad natural, Reticulitermes flavipes (ex.santonensis), filtración de agua, morera blanca (Morus alba L.)Resumen
Los fabricantes de instrumentos musicales (lauderos) prefieren madera de especies que no solo tengan excelentes propiedades acústicas, sino que además tiendan a mantener su estado natural durante su fabricación y pretratamientos. En este estudio se hicieron pruebas de inmersión en agua, un protocolo común entre los lauderos iraníes, para determinar la durabilidad natural y estabilidad dimensional de la madera de mora blanca (Morus alba L.). La madera de esta especie, la cual es la única que ha utilizado para la fabricación de los laúdes iraníes por más de un siglo, fue probada para determinar su resistencia natural al ataque de hongos y termitas. Los especímenes fueron estudiados para detectar cambios en sus dimensiones durante cuatro meses de inmersión en agua. La madera en estudio, lixiviada o no, mostró muy alta resistencia tanto al ataque de hongos como al de termitas. La remoción gradual de extractivos durante la inmersión resultó en un incremento en la contracción parcial. Se concluyó que, aun cuando la lixiviación en agua no afecta la durabilidad natural, tiende a reducir la estabilidad dimensional de la madera de mora blanca.
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