Efecto preservador de los extractivos de maderas de Tetraclinis articulata y Cedrus atlantica contra el biodeterioro por hongos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21829/myb.2020.2632093Palabras clave:
extractivos de maderas durables, preservación ecológica, NF EN 113, durabilidad transferible, hongos de la maderaResumen
Ensayar la extracción de aceites esenciales de con técnicas amigables con el ambiente para su uso como protector de maderas susceptibles a hongos es un tema de investigación vigente. En este estudio, se evaluó el efecto protector de los aceites extraidos de la madera naturalmente resistente de Tetraclinis articulata y Cedrus atlantica de la madera del pino marítimo, Pinus pinaster var atlantica; la albura de la especie fue expuesta al ataque de tres hongos, de acuerdo con la norma europea NF EN 113. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre los efectos del tratamiento, entre los niveles de descomposición por los hongos utilizados y también entre las concentraciones de los extractivos. Los niveles medios de pérdida de masa de las muestras de madera tratadas fueron en general superiores a 8%. El aceite extraido de la raíz de T. articulata proporcionó el mejor nivel de protección para este tipo de madera contra Gleophyllum trabeum y Rhodonia placenta, pero solo con concentraciones superiores a 0.1% v / v. Sin embargo, los niveles de eficacia de ambos tratamientos, aplicados en las concentraciones probadas, se consideraron insuficientes sobre la base del estándar utilizado.
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