Alometría generalizada para la estimación de la biomasa aérea total de plantas leñosas: marco teórico general y aplicaciones
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21829/myb.2021.2742442Palabras clave:
carbono, estimaciones locales y generalizadas, relación entre constantes y exponentes, unidades de medidaResumen
La cuantificación de la biomasa aérea y carbono total es importante en el contexto de los mercados del carbono y la productividad forestal, por lo que es necesario el desarrollo de métodos cuantitativos costo-efectivos que reduzcan la incertidumbre en sus estimaciones. El uso de ecuaciones alométricas entre la biomasa aérea total y volumen del fuste o total y entre el diámetro normal y la altura total es práctica común en la evaluación de recursos forestales, donde se usan modelos específicos y generalizados, con diferentes niveles de incertidumbre. En la literatura se han propuesto diversas metodologías para simplificar el uso de tales relaciones alométricas, sugiriendo algunas con bases correctas, pero sin explorar sus implicaciones y matemáticas asociadas. En este trabajo se presenta un marco teórico general de las relaciones entre constantes y exponentes, así como entre exponentes, de ciertas ecuaciones alométricas, usando bases matemáticas relativamente simples. Seguido del desarrollo del marco teórico, se usa una base de parámetros de relaciones alométricas y un conjunto de bases de datos de mediciones de campo. Con lo anterior se obtiene, como resultado las estimaciones que son comparables a las ecuaciones alométricas clásicas, pero con el uso de solo la relación altura total-diámetro normal. Se exploran las consecuencias de la propuesta teórica y se generan recomendaciones para cambiar el paradigma en los desarrollos alométricos tradicionales para plantas leñosas.
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