Characterization of natural and multimaterial wood by stress waves in the species Pinus pseudostrobus, Tabebuia rosea, and Quercus scytophylla

Abstract

This research characterized the dynamic behavior and anisotropy of natural wood and a composite material made of wood, mesh, and adhesive, manufactured from three species: Pinus pseudostrobus, Tabebuia rosea, and Quercus scytophylla. The objective was to evaluate the effect of this transformation on the dynamic modulus and mechanical anisotropy by measuring density, wave velocity, and dynamic modulus in the tangential and longitudinal directions. The methodology included the manufacture of test specimens, stress wave tests, and statistical analysis to validate the differences between natural wood and multimaterial. The results showed substantial increases in density and wave velocity in the tangential direction, which translated into significant improvements in the dynamic modulus in that same direction and a notable reduction in mechanical anisotropy. It is concluded that the synergistic integration of the mesh and adhesive produces a more homogeneous material structure, facilitating a more efficient redistribution of stresses and a more isotropic mechanical response. These findings support the potential of multimaterials as a promising strategy for adding value to endemic woods with low technological appreciation in engineering applications. Further studies on durability, microstructural interfaces, and validation under practical conditions of use are suggested.